In comparison, na genomic diversity remained relatively stable. The two diseases have some symptoms in common, and both are caused by viruses. A map of counties with recent influenza positive specimens is included. Were infections with novel nonhuman influenza viruses detected during 20152016. Human cases of avian influenza ah5 reported in 25 february4 april 2016.
There are several flu vaccine options available for the 20162017 flu season including a new vaccine for people 65 years and older, fluad, and a quadrivalent flu shot licensed for people four years and older, flucelvax. We performed phylogenetic analysis on 39 fullgenome h5n1 virus samples collected during outbreaks among poultry in 20152016 in west java and compared them with recently published. Influenza and other respiratory viruses weekly report. National and regional summary of select surveillance components.
Even unrelated viruses can be recognized by the same crossreactive t cells. Nationally, influenza a h3n2 viruses were predominant overall for the season, with influenza b viruses becoming predominant from march onwards. Since the previous update, new human infections with influenza ah5n6, ah7n9, ah1n2v and ah3n2v viruses were reported. Dating the emergence of pandemic influenza a viruses. Flu causes illness, hospital stays and deaths in the united states each year. Influenza a viruses iavs cause seasonal pandemics and epidemics with high morbidity and mortality, which calls for effective antiiav agents. Highly pathogenic h5 avian influenza in 2016 and 2017 food and.
Surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses in the united. Find a flu clinic near you at the flu vaccine locator. Understand which new flu viruses are circulating in south carolina. The latest report and archived data are available here, along with other influenza surveillance data. A pandemic can occur when a new and very different influenza a virus emerges that both infects people and has the ability to spread efficiently between people. Influenza at the humananimal interface world health organization. Widespread noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer are not included. Most of the people who were hospitalized and the person who died had one or more health or age factor that put them at high risk of serious flurelated complications. It is recommended that quadrivalent vaccines containing two influenza b viruses contain the above three viruses and a bbrisbane602008like virus. Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus. Over the course of flu season, cdc studies samples of circulating flu viruses to evaluate how close a match there is between viruses used to make the flu vaccine and circulating flu viruses.
Christie alexander, president of the florida academy of family physicians, stresses that. Seasonal influenza activity, january 2016 august 2016. Quercetin as an antiviral agent inhibits influenza a virus. Influenza a viruses can be broken down into subtypes depending on the genes that make up the surface proteins. However, in light of low effectiveness against influenza. Influenza activity, surveillance and reports new york. Influenza a virus in swine iavs type a influenza viruses can infect swine and cause a respiratory disease called influenza a virus in swine iavs.
Our analysis of viruses from domestic ducks at tanguar haor, bangladesh, showed genetic similarities with other viruses from wild birds in central asia, suggesting their potential role in the genesis of ah5n8. Surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses in the united kingdom. A guide for parents flu information what is the flu. The flu vaccine does not include any of the coronaviruses, a family of viruses that includes some that may give people upper respiratory illnesses. Influenza vaccine uptake in 2016 to 2017 in england was higher than the. The evolution and genetic diversity of avian influenza a. The illness can be mild to severe and can cause death in some people.
The influenza a and b viruses that routinely spread in people human influenza viruses are responsible for seasonal flu epidemics each year. Between 20 and 2016, the genomic diversity of cambodian ah9 ha genes decreased, with 20152016 viruses belonging to a single clade, bj94 h94. How much flu vaccine was produced and distributed during the 20152016 season. Infection can occur when flu viruses contact the eyes, mouth, or nose, and through breathing in droplets from a sneeze or cough. Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 20152016 influenza season full report pdf, 81kb. Ah1n1pdm09 in the united states during the 2014 and 201516 seasons, acip june, 2016 made. It is injected into the muscle with a needle in the upper arm or upper thigh. Winter 2015 to 2016 4 executive summary moderate levels of influenza activity were seen in the community in the uk in 2015 to 2016, with influenza ah1n1pdm09 the predominant circulating virus for the majority of the season. People may be able to spread the virus to others about one day before. Risk assessment of seasonal influenza, eueea, 20162017 ecdc. Influenza viruses that infect humans can be classified into three main groups.
Influenza vaccine uptake in 2015 to 2016 in england was lower than last. People who have flu often feel some or all of these symptoms. Surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses in the uk. The influenza viruses section of virology journal will publish articles on all aspects of influenza virus research, including molecular genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, biophysics, structural biology, cell biology, immunology, morphology, and pathogenesis. What flu viruses circulated during the 20152016 season. These symptoms typically begin two days after exposure to the virus and most last less than a week.
Flu is spread from close contact with persons who are sick with flu or from touching surfaces or objects that have flu virus on them. Everything you need to know about the flu illness, including symptoms, treatment and prevention. Circulating flu viruses match vaccine cdcslaboratory data so far show that most circulating flu viruses are still like the viruses recommended for the 2015. In most people, the infection results in the person getting a fever, cough, headache, and malaise tired, no energy. All human infections caused by a new influenza subtype are reportable. Flu reports california department of public health. Surveillance of influenza and other respiratory viruses in. This season, influenza viruses, mainly ah3n2, began circulating early in the eueea. Who recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines. These elevated measures may be associated with the much higher percent of subtyped influenza a viruses identified as type a h3n2 influenza viruses during the 201617 flu season as. Count of deaths reported to wa doh by county of residence table 3 shows the count of laboratoryconfirmed influenza deaths reported to the washington state department of.
California influenza surveillance program highlights week 50. Highly pathogenic avian influenza hpai ah5n1 viruses have been circulating since 2003 in indonesia, with major impacts on poultry health, severe economic losses, and 168 fatal laboratoryconfirmed human cases. Getting the seasonal influenza vaccine is the most important step in preventing flu viruses. In washington state, influenza a h3n2 and a h1n1, as well as influenza b viruses, were seen throughout the season. Some basics about flu and colds each year, americans get more than 1 billion colds, and between 5 and 20 percent of americans get the flu.
The section will also welcome the case reports of influenza outbreaks in both. Recommendations for vaccine viruses to be included in. With most of the flu season still to come, getting a flu vaccine now. During the influenza season, the oregon public health division publishes a weekly surveillance report, flu bites. Influenza flu can cause mild to severe illness, and at times can lead to death. During the 20162017 winter season, the influenza epidemic in the. In 2016, highly pathogenic avian influenza ah5n1 virus caused continued outbreaks and was. By week 462016, 28 countries had reported low influenza. Influenza virus c ivc and influenza virus d ivd are enveloped rna viruses in the family. Outbreak h5n2 viruses from 2015 show increased adaptation to chickens. The glycoprotein hemagglutinin of influenza virus plays a crucial role in the initial stage of virus infection, making it a potential target for antiinfluenza therapeutics development. These include all the human influenza pandemics such as the 1918 spanish flu. A summary of the surveillance findings of these systems during. The new york state department of health nysdoh collects, compiles, and analyzes information on flu activity yearround in new york state nys, and produces a weekly report during the flu season october through the following may.
The percent of ed visits for ili in all of oregon was 3. Objectives understand a bit about the flu virus and how it spreads. The california department of public health cdph influenza surveillance program cisp is a collaborative effort between cdph, the centers for disease control and prevention cdc, kaiser permanente, california local health jurisdictions and the participating california sentinel providers and sentinel laboratories. In new england, the yearly flu season usually begins in. This article is a list of deaths caused by an infectious disease. Surveillance of influenza and other respiratory infections in. Background influenza, or flu, is a respiratory infection caused by a variety of influenza viruses. The 20182019 flu vaccine was 29 percent effective against influenza a and b and 44 percent effective in preventing influenza a h1n1 viruses in the united states. Cdcs adjusted overall ve estimate against influenza a and b viruses for all ages was 47%. An influenza pandemic is a global outbreak of a new influenza a virus that is very different from current and recently circulating human seasonal influenza a viruses. Cdcs endofseason influenza vaccine effectiveness ve estimates for the 20152016 season were presented to the advisory committee on immunization practices acip on june 22, 2016 pdf icon. Influenza is present at low levels in pigs throughout the world and regularly causes disease outbreaks. Influenza, commonly called the flu, is an illness caused by rna viruses orthomyxoviridae family that infect the respiratory tract of many animals, birds, and humans.
Most experts believe influenza viruses spread primarily by droplets made when infected people cough, sneeze, or talk. Respiratory viruses influenza dr andrew lee, consultant in communicable disease control public health england andrew. There are several flu vaccine options available for the 2016 2017 flu season including a new vaccine for people 65 years and older, fluad, and a quadrivalent flu shot licensed for people four years and older, flucelvax. However, they are different conditions, and the flu is more severe. How many children died from the flu during the 20152016 season. Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in. This type contains an inactivated vaccine, made up of killed viruses. Information center and center for food security and public health, 2016. Vaccine uptake was monitored through manual returns by local. The highly pathogenic h5n2 avian flu virus strain that caused outbreaks in poultry flocks across the united states is better adapted to chickens than a precursor h5n2 virus and is highly adapted to wild ducks, according to a new study by us department of agriculture usda scientists published in virology. However, this could be an artefact caused by the limited number of cambodian ah9n2 na sequences available prior to 2015. Flu is an illness caused by influenza viruses that infect the respiratory tract.
The flu shot is approved for use in people older than 6 months, including healthy people, pregnant women and people with chronic medical conditions. Data at a glance march 29april 4, 2020 week 14 current week 14 previous week percentage of emergency department visits for ili1 3. Annual report surveillance of influenza and other respiratory. Highly pathogenic avian influenza hpai viruses of the. Influenza a viruses are the only influenza viruses known to cause flu pandemics, i. A flu vaccine is made to protect against the flu viruses that research and surveillance indicate will likely be most common during the season. Influenza the flu is an infection of the nose, throat and lungs caused by influenza viruses that are constantly changing. Influenza also known as the flu is a contagious viral infection that attacks your respiratory system. Understand difference between pandemics and seasonal flu. Flu is a disease of the bodys breathing system, including the nose, throat and lungs.